A biological body has a much more rigid functioning due to the limited sophistication of cells in processing information.
A biological body has highly specialized cells for processing information. Whereas in a society, we are all very similar. We could therefore imagine two paths:
The first path is modeled on biological evolution. However, our very rapid cultural evolution means that our tasks are highly variable and increasingly require open-mindedness and curiosity. Thus, an executive class would make less and less sense. Moreover, this mode of functioning contradicts our deep instincts and causes discomfort/cognitive dissonance leading to mental health issues, whether from the ruling class forced to maintain a crazy myth of superiority, or from the dominated class by maintaining a crazy myth of inferiority.
Beyond describing the collective cognitive process, we must also address the question of obtaining the appropriate behavior. The issue is clearly seen in the current election system: in theory, each citizen carefully studies the programs of the various candidates, gathering information from various sources whose reliability they have assessed, and after careful reflection, the citizen votes in good conscience. In practice, the sum of biases leads to a choice controlled by the mass media, which are themselves controlled by the main financial powers.
We are therefore faced with a very general question: what are the means of organizing a collective activity for a large group of people and a complex task. This is a vast question that deserves a study on its own.
Without delving into the functioning of a mind here, it can be noted that we would need to invent a complete collective mind, even though we are far from understanding the entirety of how a human mind works.
We already have a form of collective mind: we seek to have shared ideas, and for this, we argue (or exert pressure). We also have means to instill emotional motivation: through public emotional speeches, demonstrations, etc.
We can therefore already analyze the current functioning from a cognitive perspective to deduce a model. Then, we can model the functioning we would like. We do not need to do as well as a human mind; we just need to start by doing better than the current functioning, which does not set the bar very high.
Our society already has a form of mind with differences (like the uniformity of basic elements) and similarities (like the need for cohesion) compared to a biological mind. We can seek to organize a mind to achieve more efficient functioning according to the criterion of the collective good in the long term.